Overview

Pterygium surgery is a medical procedure aimed at excising benign growths (pterygia) from the conjunctiva, the transparent layer covering the white of the eye and the inner eyelid. While some individuals may not experience noticeable symptoms, significant pterygium growth can obscure the cornea, leading to visual impairment.

Preparing for Surgery

Pterygium surgery is generally a minimally invasive procedure, taking approximately 30 to 45 minutes. Here are some common presurgical guidelines:

• Your doctor may advise you to fast or consume a light meal prior to the surgery.
• If you use contact lenses, you might be instructed to refrain from wearing them for at least 24 hours beforehand.
• Since you will be receiving light sedation, it is essential to arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure.

What Happens During the Surgery?

The procedure is typically quick and carries minimal risk. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

1. Your eyes will be numbed, and sedation will be administered to enhance your comfort.
2. The surgeon will precisely remove the pterygium along with some adjacent conjunctival tissue.
3. A tissue graft may then be placed to prevent the recurrence of pterygium growth.

Use of Sutures vs. Fibrin Glue

After excising the pterygium, your surgeon may employ either sutures or fibrin glue to attach the conjunctival graft. Both methods aim to lower the chances of regrowth:

• Sutures: While dissolvable sutures are commonly used, they may increase postoperative discomfort and prolong recovery.
• Fibrin Glue: This alternative method tends to reduce inflammation, alleviating discomfort and shortening healing time, although there is a potential risk of viral transmission due to its blood-derived nature.

The Bare Sclera Technique

Another surgical option is the bare sclera technique, which does not involve using a graft. This approach leaves the surface of the eye exposed to heal independently. However, it carries a higher risk of pterygium regrowth, often resulting in larger recurrences.

Post-Surgery Recovery

After the surgery, your surgeon will place a protective eye patch or pad to enhance comfort and minimize the risk of infection. It's crucial to avoid rubbing your eyes to protect the newly attached tissue. Your surgeon will provide specific aftercare instructions, including guidelines on cleaning, using prescribed antibiotics, and scheduling follow-up appointments.

Full recovery may take anywhere from a few weeks to a couple of months, depending on the surgical technique employed.

Possible Complications

Like all surgeries, pterygium removal carries risks. It is common to encounter discomfort, redness, and blurriness during your recovery. However, should you experience significant vision issues, a complete loss of eyesight, or signs of regrowth, it is essential to contact your healthcare professional promptly.

Outlook

Pterygium surgery is often successful; however, in mild cases, your doctor may suggest non-surgical options such as topical prescriptions or ointments. If these benign growths begin to interfere with your vision or daily activities, surgery remains the most effective resolution.