The third trimester of pregnancy is a time of rapid development for your baby and significant changes for your body. As you prepare for the arrival of your little one, you may experience familiar symptoms from earlier trimesters, though they might feel intensified. Understanding what to expect can help you navigate this crucial stage with greater comfort and confidence.

During the last months of pregnancy, your baby goes through a growth spurt. As stated by the American Pregnancy Association, a fetus typically weighs about 2 pounds at 27 weeks, 4 to 4.5 pounds by 32 weeks, and can reach between 6.75 to 10 pounds by full-term delivery. Additionally, your baby can grow an average of six inches during this period.

Your body also accumulates weight due to:

• Increased bodily fluids
• Higher blood volume
• Amniotic fluid
• Larger uterus
• The placenta
• Fat reserves

These factors contribute to your overall weight gain. It is crucial to manage your weight effectively during the first two trimesters to prevent complications in the third trimester, which may include:

• Gestational diabetes
• High blood pressure
• Premature birth (before 37 weeks)
• Excessive birth weight

Weight gain during pregnancy can lead to swelling in your legs and ankles. This issue can be aggravated by fluid retention, so it's vital to stay hydrated and limit your intake of salty foods. The added pressure in your legs may result in spider veins or varicose veins.

To alleviate symptoms, consider elevating your legs whenever possible and wearing compression socks if the swelling becomes painful. While minor swelling is typical, sudden increases in swelling could indicate a serious condition known as preeclampsia, characterized by high blood pressure and protein in urine. Consult your healthcare provider immediately if you experience such symptoms.

It is common for breasts to become larger and more sensitive in the final weeks of pregnancy. The Mayo Clinic estimates that women may gain an average of 2 pounds of tissue in their breasts throughout pregnancy. You may notice colostrum leakage, which is the early milk preparation that’s often yellowish in color.

Some vaginal discharge, similar to mucus with minor blood spots, is normal as the cervix prepares for labor. However, be vigilant for excessive discharge or thick discharges that are yellow, green, or cheesy; these may signify an infection. Always consult your healthcare provider if you have any concerns regarding vaginal changes.

Your growing baby can lead to more pronounced kicks and movements, which may become uncomfortable. Common discomforts include backaches and pain in the knees and neck due to the additional weight. Resting, elevating your feet, and applying heat or ice may help soothe these aches.

Frequent urination tends to escalate in the third trimester as your growing baby exerts pressure on your bladder. To minimize nighttime disturbances, try limiting fluid intake in the evening. As your baby drops into the pelvis, also known as lightening, you may experience more ease in breathing and eating, but the pressure on your bladder will intensify.

Frequent trips to the bathroom are typically not a concern. However, if you notice blood in your urine or experience back pain, contact your doctor immediately as these could indicate a urinary tract infection.

While early pregnancy often invites fatigue, many women face insomnia in the third trimester due to discomfort. Factors such as the need to urinate or a busy baby can interrupt sleep. To improve sleep quality:

• Avoid late workouts.
• Keep your bedroom cool and dark.
• Limit lengthy naps.
• Use layers on your bed for temperature control.
• Consider a bedside fan.
• Keep electronics out of the bedroom.
• Take a warm bath before bed.
• Practice meditation or deep breathing.
• Utilize extra pillows for support.

During the third trimester, you may encounter various additional changes, such as:

• Heartburn
• Hemorrhoids
• Shortness of breath
• Protruding belly button
• Braxton Hicks contractions (which are light and distinct from true labor contractions)

The most significant changes as you approach the end of your pregnancy are the onset of contractions. Unlike Braxton Hicks contractions, true labor contractions become progressively longer, stronger, and more frequent. When you begin to notice these changes, it’s time to contact your midwife or healthcare provider to prepare for the arrival of your baby!